Manjaro Gnome配置及美化指南

美化示例

换源并补全依赖

选择中科大(ustc)或清华(tsinghua)的镜像站
使用uname -r命令查看内核版本, 并选择正确的内核头文件

Bleeding Edge的用户不要换中国源，软件包更新慢

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sudo pacman-mirrors -i -c China -m rank
sudo pacman -Syyu base-devel linux-headers power-profiles-daemon gst-libav gst-plugin-pipewire eog vlc xwaylandvideobridge fastfetch gedit locate egl-wayland xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-wlr grim --needed

安装显卡驱动(虚拟机不需要)

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sudo mhwd -a pci nonfree 0300 
sudo pacman -R libva-vdpau-driver xf86-video-intel xf86-video-nouveau #解决VLC闪退
sudo pacman -S libva-nvidia-driver #同上

创建并使用交换文件(如果安装时没有交换分区)

这里以16G为例

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su
mkswap -U clear --size 16G --file /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
echo '/swapfile none swap defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
cat /etc/fstab
free -h
reboot
free -h

添加[archlinuxcn]源, 安装yay助手

在etc/pacman.conf文件末尾添加:

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[archlinuxcn]
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch

然后安装密钥并更新

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sudo pacman -Syy archlinuxcn-keyring
sudo pacman -Syyu yay
yay -S 7-zip octopi bleachbit # 软件包缓存清理和垃圾清理工具

配置代理

简体中文本地化

安装字体和输入法

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sudo pacman -S adobe-source-han-sans-jp-fonts adobe-source-han-serif-jp-fonts adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts poppler-data noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts-emoji ttf-roboto noto-fonts man-pages-zh_cn ttf-dejavu ibus ibus-libpinyin
yay -S ibus-mozc mozc-ut # 日文输入法, 安装后重启, 在设置添加即可, 并编辑~/.config/mozc/ibus_config.textproto修改active_on_launch为True

修复字形

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sudo touch /etc/fonts/conf.d/64-language-selector-prefer.conf
sudo nano /etc/fonts/conf.d/64-language-selector-prefer.conf

写入以下配置:

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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
  <!-- sans-serif alias -->
  <alias>
    <family>sans-serif</family>
    <prefer>
      <!-- Noto Sans CJK family -->
      <family>Noto Sans CJK SC</family>
      <family>Noto Sans CJK TC</family>
      <family>Noto Sans CJK JP</family>
      <!-- Source Han Sans family -->
      <family>Source Han Sans SC</family>
      <family>Source Han Sans TC</family>
      <family>Source Han Sans HW</family>
      <family>Source Han Sans K</family>
    </prefer>
  </alias>
  
  <!-- monospace alias -->
  <alias>
    <family>monospace</family>
    <prefer>
      <!-- Noto Sans Mono CJK family -->
      <family>Noto Sans Mono CJK SC</family>
      <family>Noto Sans Mono CJK TC</family>
      <family>Noto Sans Mono CJK JP</family>
      <!-- Source Han Sans family -->
      <family>Source Han Sans SC</family>
      <family>Source Han Sans TC</family>
      <family>Source Han Sans HW</family>
      <family>Source Han Sans K</family>
    </prefer>
  </alias>
</fontconfig>

刷新字体缓存, 重启

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fc-cache -fv
sudo reboot

配置中文输入法, 安装词典

打开云拼音和内置词典

设置可以导入用户词典, 比如这个仓库

安装windows字体

  • 方法一: 使用软件仓库
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sudo usermod -aG disk $USER
yay -S httpdirfs
yay -S ttf-ms-win11-auto
# yay -S ttf-ms-win10-auto
sudo reboot
  • 方法二: 使用镜像提取

把windows的ISO内的source/install.wim复制到主目录, 然后执行

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cd ~
7z e install.wim Windows/{Fonts/"*".{ttf,ttc},System32/Licenses/neutral/"*"/"*"/license.rtf} -ofonts/
mkdir ~/.local/share/fonts
mv ~/fonts/* ~/.local/share/fonts/
fc-cache -fv

安装编程字体

以FiraCode为例

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cd
wget https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v3.2.1/FiraCode.zip
unzip FiraCode.zip -d ~/.local/share/fonts
rm FiraCode.zip
fc-cache -fv

使用Alacritty终端

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sudo pacman -S alacritty
mkdir ~/.config/alacritty/
touch ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml
gedit ~/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml

添加以下内容:

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[font]
size = 12.0

[font.normal]
family = "FiraCode Nerd Font"
style = "Regular"

[window]
opacity = 0.9
dynamic_padding = true
blur = true

[window.padding]
x = 15
y = 15

[window.dimensions]
columns = 120
lines = 36

[selection]
save_to_clipboard = true

CachyOS的配置可以在这里找到, 源文件内容如下

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[env]
TERM = "xterm-256color"
WINIT_X11_SCALE_FACTOR = "1"

[window]
dynamic_padding = true
decorations = "full"
title = "Alacritty@CachyOS"
opacity = 0.8
decorations_theme_variant = "Dark"

[window.dimensions]
columns = 140
lines = 40

[window.class]
instance = "Alacritty"
general = "Alacritty"

[scrolling]
history = 10000
multiplier = 3

[colors]
draw_bold_text_with_bright_colors = true

[colors.primary]
background = "0x2E3440"
foreground = "0xD8DEE9"

[colors.normal]
black = "0x3B4252"
red = "0xBF616A"
green = "0xA3BE8C"
yellow = "0xEBCB8B"
blue = "0x81A1C1"
magenta = "0xB48EAD"
cyan = "0x88C0D0"
white = "0xE5E9F0"

[colors.bright]
black = "0x4C566A"
red = "0xBF616A"
green = "0xA3BE8C"
yellow = "0xEBCB8B"
blue = "0x81A1C1"
magenta = "0xB48EAD"
cyan = "0x8FBCBB"
white = "0xECEFF4"

[font]
size = 12

[font.normal]
family = "FiraCode Nerd Font"
style = "Regular"

[font.bold]
family = "FiraCode Nerd Font"
style = "Bold"

[font.italic]
family = "FiraCode Nerd Font"
style = "Italic"

[font.bold_italic]
family = "FiraCode Nerd Font"
style = "Bold Italic"

[selection]
semantic_escape_chars = ",│`|:\"' ()[]{}<>\t"
save_to_clipboard = true

[cursor]
style = "Underline"
vi_mode_style = "None"
unfocused_hollow = true
thickness = 0.15

[mouse]
hide_when_typing = true

[[mouse.bindings]]
mouse = "Middle"
action = "PasteSelection"

[keyboard]
[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "Paste"
action = "Paste"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "Copy"
action = "Copy"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "L"
mods = "Control"
action = "ClearLogNotice"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "L"
mods = "Control"
mode = "~Vi"
chars = "\f"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "PageUp"
mods = "Shift"
mode = "~Alt"
action = "ScrollPageUp"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "PageDown"
mods = "Shift"
mode = "~Alt"
action = "ScrollPageDown"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "Home"
mods = "Shift"
mode = "~Alt"
action = "ScrollToTop"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "End"
mods = "Shift"
mode = "~Alt"
action = "ScrollToBottom"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "V"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "Paste"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "C"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "Copy"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "F"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "SearchForward"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "B"
mods = "Control|Shift"
action = "SearchBackward"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "C"
mods = "Control|Shift"
mode = "Vi"
action = "ClearSelection"

[[keyboard.bindings]]
key = "Key0"
mods = "Control"
action = "ResetFontSize"

[general]
live_config_reload = true
working_directory = "None"

zsh输入p10k configure 可以重新设置zsh主题

来看看系统设置

设置合适的分辨率, 屏幕刷新率, 并打开夜间模式

5min熄屏设置为从不

外观, 设置喜欢的壁纸

默认应用示例

设置自定义快捷键

示例设置打开主目录, 浏览器, 终端的快捷键

关于打印机, Manjaro应该开箱即用, 否则查看此链接CUPS

日期和时间设置

设置用户头像

设置Nautilus

再看看Tweaks

自定义系统字体, 并按需改变字体DPI

设置主题和背景

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yay -S orchis-theme

添加窗口按钮和居中显示

自定义开机启动的程序

安装并配置拓展

安装部分依赖

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yay -S gnome-browser-connector touchegg

打开Firefox浏览器, 进入拓展网站, 加入收藏夹, 点击页面上的Click here to install browser extension, 然后刷新页面

安装农历插件依赖

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cd
sudo pacman -S cpio
git clone https://gitlab.gnome.org/Nei/ChineseCalendar.git
cd ChineseCalendar
chmod +x install.sh
./install.sh

示例拓展列表:

简单配置

  • Dash to Dock使用内置主题
  • AppIndicator and KStatusNotifierItem Support可以把图标放左边, 缓解200%缩放率导致的右侧图标过挤
  • 根据需要自定义Dock拦内的应用

GDM开启所有桌面选项

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sudo ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/61-gdm.rules

补充说明

  • Slow loading of system icons/slow GDM login: Problems with the loading of system icons, such the ones in the title bar of Files, might be solved by executing the following command:

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    sudo gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders --update-cache

    Running the aforementioned command may also fix repeated occurrences of the “Oh no! Something has gone wrong!” error screen and/or very slow loading and login with GDM as described in the following forum thread.

  • 开启Wayland: 可以使用Manjaro自带的Layout Switcher

  • spectacle/flameshot截图工具

  • 对于flameshot无法在wayland下运行, 这样启动: env XDG_SESSION_TYPE= QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland flameshot &

  • GnomeCalendar可以添加日历订阅链接

  • Enable button and menu icons: gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides "{'Gtk/ButtonImages': <1>, 'Gtk/MenuImages': <1>}"

  • 对于QEMU/KVM虚拟机里的archlinux, 输入sudo pacman -S spice-vdagent xf86-video-qxl qemu-guest-agent, 然后编辑/etc/mkinitcpio.conf文件, 然后修改开头MODULES=(qxl virtio-gpu virtio virtio_scsi virtio_blk virtio_pci virtio_net virtio_ring), 再sudo mkinitcpio -P重新生成镜像即可

  • 中文压缩包乱码, 使用: unzip -O gbk file.zip

  • 列出特定仓库软件包pacman -Sl archlinuxcn | grep '\[installed\]'

Linux Daily Use
#Linux #manjaro #gnome
Manjaro Gnome配置及美化指南
https://rukkhadevata123.github.io/2024/10/08/manjaro/
作者
Dawn Chirps
发布于
2024年10月8日
许可协议